Online Calculators for Echocardiography Formulas

Perform online calculations for a variety of echocardiographic and Doppler formulas

February 14th, 2022
(updated April 14th, 2022)

The Calculator has been devised to facilitate the daily diagnostic work with your ultrasound unit.
The page connects to Microsoft OneDrive and a stable internet connection is necessary.
Fill the yellow fields on the left – calculations are shown in the gray fields on the right.
Formulas being used are described here, and Abbreviations here.

Content:

  • BSA
  • 2D LV Stroke Volume and index
  • 2D Cardiac Output
  • Doppler RV Stroke Volume and index
  • Qp / Qs
  • Pulmonary Diastolic and Systolic Pressures
  • Pulmonary Vascular Resistances
  • Aortic valve area (Continuity Eq.)
  • Doppler PISA method
    – Aortic EROA, Regurgitant Volume & Fraction
    – MItral EROA, Regurgitant Volume & Fraction
  • MItral annulus biplane area
  • Aortic and Mitral Doppler stroke volumes
  • Doppler Stroke Volume Method:
    – Aortic EROA, Regurgitant Volume & Fraction
    – Mitral EROA, Regurgitant Volume & Fraction
  • Pericardial Effusion Volume

Abbreviations

  • AV – Aortic valve
  • BSA – Body Surface Area
  • CW – Continuous Wave Doppler
  • EROA – Effective Regurgitant Orifice Area
  • EDV – End diastolic volume
  • ESV – End systolic volume
  • Grad. – Gradient
  • LV – Left ventricle
  • LVCO – LV cardiac output
  • LVEDV – LV end-diastolic volume
  • LVEDVi – LVEDV index
  • LVESV – LV end-systolic volume
  • LVESVi – LVESV index
  • LVOT – LV outflow tract
  • LVSV – LV stroke volume
  • LVSVi – LVSV index
  • MV – Mitral valve
  • PD – Pulsed Doppler
  • PISA – Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area
  • PR – Pulmonary regurgitation
  • PDP – Pulmonary diastolic pressure
  • PSP – Pulmonary systolic pressure
  • PVR – Pulmonary vascular resistances
  • Qp/Qs – ratio of RV and LV stroke volumes
  • RAP – Right atrial pressure
  • Regurg. – Regurgitant
  • RV – Right ventricle
  • RVOT – RV outflow tract
  • RVSV – RV stroke volume
  • RVSVi – RVSV index
  • TR – Tricuspid regurgitation
  • Vel. – Velocity
  • Vmax – Maximum velocity
  • VTI – Velocity-Time integral

Formulas

Body Surface Area
The BSA is used to index (divide by BSA): volumes, stroke volumes, aortic valve area.
The following formula is used=
0.007184 x (weight)^0.425 x (Height)^0.725

LV Volumes
Biplane volumes are averaged from 4-chamber and 2-chamber volumes. Ejection fraction is calculated as=
(end-diastolic volume – end-systolic volume) / end-diastolic volume) * 100

Stroke Volumes
Stroke volumes are obtained with the formula=
Velocity-time integral x area (LVOT / RVOT / Mitral valve annulus)

LVOT / RVOT areas
Outflow tract areas areas are calculated as circles, from diameters

MV annulus area
The elliptical area is obtained with the formula=
3.14 x (intercommissural diameter / 2) x (antero-posterior diameter / 2)

PSP
Pulmonary systolic pressure is calculated=
TR peak systolic gradient + estimated RAP (obtained from the collapsibility dynamics of the inferior vena cava)

PDP
Pulmonary diastolic pressure is calculated=
PR end-diastolic gradient + estimated RAP (obtained from the collapsibility dynamics of the inferior vena cava)

PVR
Pulmonary vascular resistances are calculated with the formula=
(TR peak systolic gradient / RVOT velocity-time integral) x 10

Aortic valve area
The area is obtained with the continuity equation=
(LVOT pulsed Doppler velocity-time integral x LVOT area) / AV continuous wave systolic velocity-time integral

PISA calculations (valve regurgitation)
The EROA is calculated with the formula=
((PISA radius^2) x 3.14 x 2) x Aliasing velocity) / Peak regurgitant velocity

The Regurgitant Volume is calculated with the formula=
EROA x regurgitant velocity-time integral

The Regurgitant Fraction is calculated with the formula=
(Regurgitant Volume / Valve stroke volume) x 100

Quantitative Doppler
Mitral Regurgitant Volume is calculated with the formula=
Mitral valve stroke volume – LVOT stroke volume

Mitral Regurgitant Fraction is calculated with the formula=
Mitral Regurgitant Volume / Mitral stroke volume) x 100

MItral EROA is calculated with the formula=
Mitral Regurgitant Volume / Mitral regurgitant continuous wave velocity-time integral

Aortic Regurgitant Volume is calculated with the formula=
LVOT stroke volume – Mitral valve stroke volume

Aortic Regurgitant Fraction is calculated with the formula=
Aortic Regurgitant Volume / LVOT stroke volume) x 100

Aortic EROA is calculated with the formula=
Aortic Regurgitant Volume / Aortic regurgitant continuous wave velocity-time integral

Pericardium

Prolate ellipse formula=
π x 4/3 x L/2 x D1/2 x D2/2