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Figure 26 (tt2957). 2D parasternal long axis
Figure 27. 2D parasternal long axis, mild to moderate effusion
Figure 27 (tt2957). 2D pasternal long axis
Figure 28. M-mode parasternal long axis, left ventricle, mild to moderate effusion
Figure 28 (tt2957). M-mode parasternal long axis, left ventricle

Above: Figures 26-28. Mild to moderate pericardial effusion (11 mm). 2D (Figure 27) and M-mode (Figure 28) quantification.

Below: Figures 29-34. Severe diffuse effusion without tamponade. There is collapse of the RA and RV walls (Figure 33) without paradoxical pulse. Note the “swinging heart” sign that can be observed from all views. Figure 34 shows a dilated inferior vena cava with preserved inspiratory collapse (= normal estimated RA pressure).

Figure 29 (tt2435). 2D parasternal long axis
Figure 30 (tt2435). 2D parasternal short axis

Figure 31 (tt2435). 2D parasternal short axis scan

Figure 32. 2D measurements of the severe pericardial effusion shown in Figures 29-31
Figure 33 (tt2435). 2D apical 4-chamber

Figure 34 (tt2435). 2D subcostal 4-chamber
Figure 35 (tt2435). 2D subcostal, inferior vena cava
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